Certified Tester Foundation Level - ISTQB Foundation Sample Quiz 2
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Q1:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
Which of the following statements describe a valid test objective?
Select ONE option.
A
To prove that there will be no failures after the implementation of the system into production
B
To reduce the risk level of the test object and to build confidence in the quality level
C
To verify that there are no untested combinations of inputs
D
To prove that there are no unfixed defects in the system under test
Correct Answer:
B :
To reduce the risk level of the test object and to build confidence in the quality level
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Q2:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
Which of the following options shows an example of test activities that contribute to success?
A
Certified testers will design much better test cases than non-certified testers
B
Testers collaborating with end users help to improve the quality of defect reports during component integration and system testing
C
Having testers involved during various software development lifecycle (SDLC) activities will help to detect defects in work products
D
Testers try not to disturb the developers while coding, so that the developers write better code
Correct Answer:
C :
Having testers involved during various software development lifecycle (SDLC) activities will help to detect defects in work products
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Q3:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
You have been assigned as a tester to a team producing a new system incrementally. You have noticed that no changes have been made to the existing regression test cases for several iterations and no new regression defects were identified. Your manager is happy, but you are not. Which testing principle explains your skepticism?
A
Defects cluster together
B
Exhaustive testing is impossible
C
Tests wear out
D
Absence-of-errors fallacy
Correct Answer:
C :
Tests wear out
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Q4:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
You work in a team that develops a mobile application for food ordering.
In the current iteration the team decided to implement the payment functionality. Which of the following activities is a part of test analysis? Select ONE option.
A
Analyzing the discrepancy between the actual result and expected result after executing a test case that checks the process of payment with a credit card, and reporting a defect
B
Estimating that testing the integration with the payment service will take 8 person-days
C
Deciding that the team should test if it is possible to properly share payment between many users
D
Using boundary value analysis (BVA) to derive the test data for the test cases that check the correct payment processing for the minimum allowed amount to be paid
Correct Answer:
C :
Deciding that the team should test if it is possible to properly share payment between many users
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Q5:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
Which of the following factors (i-v) have SIGNIFICANT influence on the test process?
i. The SDLC ii. The number of defects detected in previous projects iii. The identified product risks iv. New regulatory requirements forcing formal white-box testing v. The test environment setup
A
iii, v have significant influence; i, ii, iv have not
B
i, ii have significant influence; iii, iv, v have not
C
i, iii, iv have significant influence; ii, v have not
D
ii, iv, v have significant influence; i, iii have not
Correct Answer:
C :
i, iii, iv have significant influence; ii, v have not
i. Is true. The SDLC has an influence on the test process |
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Q6:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
Which TWO of the following tasks belong MAINLY to a testing role?
A
Create the test plan
B
Maintain the product backlog
C
Design solutions to new requirements
D
Configure test environments
Correct Answer:
D :
Configure test environments
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Q7:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
Which of the following skills (i-v) are the MOST important skills of a tester?
i. Having domain knowledge ii. Creating a product vision iii. Being a good team player iv. Planning and organizing the work of the team v. Critical thinking
A
iii and iv are important; i, ii and v are not
B
i, ii and v are important; iii and iv are not
C
ii and iv are important; i, iii and v are not
D
i, iii and v are important; ii and iv are not
Correct Answer:
D :
i, iii and v are important; ii and iv are not
i. Is true. Having domain knowledge is an important tester skill |
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Q8:
Chapter: 1 - Fundamentals of Testing
How is the whole team approach present in the interactions between testers and business representatives
A
Testers help business representatives to create suitable acceptance tests
B
Business representatives are not part of the whole team approach
C
Testers help business representatives to define test strategy
D
Business representatives decide on test automation approaches
Correct Answer:
A :
Testers help business representatives to create suitable acceptance tests
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Q9:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
Consider the following rule: “for every SDLC activity there is a corresponding test activity”. In which SDLC models does this rule hold?
A
Only in sequential SDLC models
B
In sequential, incremental, and iterative SDLC models
C
Only in iterative and incremental SDLC models
D
Only in iterative SDLC models
Correct Answer:
B :
In sequential, incremental, and iterative SDLC models
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Q10:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
Which of the following statements BEST describes the acceptance test-driven development (ATDD) approach
A
In ATDD, acceptance criteria are typically created based on the given/when/then format
B
In ATDD, tests are created, based on acceptance criteria to drive the development of the related software
C
In ATDD, test cases are mainly created at component testing and are code-oriented
D
in ATDD, tests are based on the desired behavior of the software, which makes it easier for team members to understand them
Correct Answer:
B :
In ATDD, tests are created, based on acceptance criteria to drive the development of the related software
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Q11:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
Which of the following is NOT an example of the shift left approach?
A
Reviewing the user requirements before they are formally accepted by the stakeholders
B
Executing a performance efficiency test for a component during component testing
C
Writing a test script before setting up the configuration management process
D
Writing a component test before the corresponding code is written
Correct Answer:
C :
Writing a test script before setting up the configuration management process
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Q12:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
Which of the arguments below would you use to convince your manager to organize retrospectives at the end of each release cycle?
A
Retrospectives embrace five values including courage and respect, which are crucial to maintain continuous improvement in the organization
B
Organizing retrospectives will save the organization money because end user representatives do not provide immediate feedback about the product
C
Retrospectives are very popular these days and clients would appreciate it if we added them to our processes
D
Process weaknesses identified during the retrospective can be analyzed and serve as a to do list for the organization’s continuous process improvement program
Correct Answer:
D :
Process weaknesses identified during the retrospective can be analyzed and serve as a to do list for the organization’s continuous process improvement program
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Q13:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
Which types of failures (1-4) fit which test levels (A-D) BEST?
1. Failures in system behavior as it deviates from the user’s business needs 2. Failures in communication between components 3. Failures in logic in a module 4. Failures in not correctly implemented business rules A. Component testing B. Component integration testing C. System testing D. Acceptance testing Select ONE option.
A
1C, 2B, 3A, 4D
B
1D, 2B, 3C, 4A
C
1D, 2B, 3A, 4C
D
1B, 2A, 3D, 4C
Correct Answer:
C :
1D, 2B, 3A, 4C
Considering: |
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Q14:
Chapter: 2 - Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle
You are testing a user story with three acceptance criteria: AC1, AC2 and AC3. AC1 is covered by test case TC1, AC2 by TC2, and AC3 by TC3. The test execution history had three test runs on three consecutive versions of the software as follows (see table)
Tests are repeated once you are informed that all defects found in the test run are corrected and a new version of the software is available. Which of the above tests are executed as regression tests? 
A
Only 5, 6
B
Only 5, 7
C
Only 4, 6, 8, 9
D
Only 4, 7, 8, 9
Correct Answer:
B :
Only 5, 7
Because TC1 and TC3 failed in Execution 1 (i.e., test (1) and test (3)), test (4) and test (6) are confirmation tests. |
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Q15:
Chapter: 3 - Static Testing
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of static testing?
Select ONE option
A
Finding coding defects that might not have been found by only performing dynamic testing
B
Fixing defects found during static testing is generally much less expensive than fixing defects found during dynamic testing
C
Detecting gaps and inconsistencies in requirements
D
Having less expensive defect management due to the ease of detecting defects later in the SDLC
Correct Answer:
D :
Having less expensive defect management due to the ease of detecting defects later in the SDLC
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Q16:
Chapter: 3 - Static Testing
Which of the following is a benefit of early and frequent feedback?
Select ONE option.
A
It is the only way to measure the quality of changes
B
It forces customers to prioritize their requirements based on agreed risks
C
It improves the test process for future projects
D
It helps avoid requirements misunderstandings
Correct Answer:
D :
It helps avoid requirements misunderstandings
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Q17:
Chapter: 3 - Static Testing
The reviews being used in your organization have the following attributes:
* There is the role of a scribe * The main purpose is to evaluate quality * The meeting is led by the author of the work product * There is individual preparation * A review report is produced Which of the following review types is MOST likely being used?
A
nspection
B
Technical review
C
Informal review
D
Walkthrough
Correct Answer:
D :
Walkthrough
Considering the attributes: |
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Q18:
Chapter: 3 - Static Testing
Which of these statements is NOT a factor that contributes to successful reviews?
A
Participants should dedicate adequate time for the review
B
Failures found should be acknowledged, appreciated, and handled objectively
C
Participants should avoid behaviors that might indicate boredom, exasperation, or hostility to other participants
D
Splitting large work products into small parts to make the required effort less intense
Correct Answer:
C :
Participants should avoid behaviors that might indicate boredom, exasperation, or hostility to other participants
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Q19:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Which of the following is a characteristic of experience-based test techniques?
Select ONE option
A
Test cases are created based on detailed design information
B
The test cases are used to identify deviations from the requirements
C
The techniques heavily rely on the tester’s knowledge of the software and the business domain
D
Items tested within the interface code section are used to measure coverage
Correct Answer:
C :
The techniques heavily rely on the tester’s knowledge of the software and the business domain
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Q20:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
You are testing a simplified apartment search form which has only two search criteria:
* floor (with three possible options: ground floor; first floor; second or higher floor) * garden type (with three possible options: no garden; small garden; large garden) Only apartments on the ground floor have gardens. The form has a built-in validation mechanism that will not allow you to use the search criteria which violate this rule. Each test has two input values: floor and garden type. You want to apply equivalence partitioning (EP) to cover each floor and each garden type in your tests. What is the minimal number of test cases to achieve 100% EP coverage?
A
5
B
3
C
6
D
4
Correct Answer:
D :
4
“Small garden” and “large garden” can go only with “ground floor”, so we need two test cases with “ground floor” which cover these two “garden type” partitions. |
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Q21:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
You are testing a system that calculates the final course grade for a given student.
The final grade is assigned based on the final result, according to the following rules: * 0 – 50 points: failed * 51 – 60 points: fair * 61 – 70 points: satisfactory * 71 – 80 points: good * 81 – 90 points: very good * 91 – 100 points: excellent You have prepared the following set of test cases (see table) What is the 2-value Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) coverage for the final result that is achieved with the existing test cases? 
A
100%
B
50%
C
60%
D
33.3%
Correct Answer:
B :
50%
There are 12 boundary values for the final result values: 0, 50, 51, 60, 61, 70, 71, 80, 81, 90, 91, and 100. |
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Q22:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Your favorite bicycle daily rental store has just introduced a new Customer Relationship Management system and asked you, one of their most loyal members, to test it.
The implemented features are as follows: * Anyone can rent a bicycle, but members receive a 20% discount * However, if the return deadline is missed, the discount is no longer available * After 15 rentals, members get a gift: a T-Shirt Decision table describing the implemented features looks as follows (see table) Based ONLY on the feature description of the Customer Relationship Management system, which of the above rules describes an impossible situation? 
A
R4
B
R6
C
R8
D
R2
Correct Answer:
C :
R8
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Q23:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
You test a system whose lifecycle is modeled by the state transition diagram shown below. The system starts in the INIT state and ends its operation in the OFF state (see diagram)
What is the MINIMAL number of test cases to achieve valid transitions coverage? 
A
7
B
2
C
4
D
3
Correct Answer:
D :
3
“test” and “error” transitions cannot occur in one test case. |
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Q24:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Your test suite achieved 100% statement coverage. What is the consequence of this fact?
A
Any test suite containing more test cases than your test suite will also achieve 100% statement coverage
B
Each path in the code has been executed at least once
C
Every combination of input values has been tested at least once
D
Each instruction in the code that contains a defect has been executed at least once
Correct Answer:
D :
Each instruction in the code that contains a defect has been executed at least once
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Q25:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Which of the following is NOT true for white-box testing?
A
White-box coverage metrics can help identify additional tests to increase code coverage
B
White-box testing can help identify gaps in requirements implementation
C
White-box test techniques can be used in static testing
D
During white-box testing the entire software implementation is considered
Correct Answer:
B :
White-box testing can help identify gaps in requirements implementation
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Q26:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Which of the following BEST describes the concept behind error guessing?
A
Error guessing requires you to rapidly duplicate the development task to identify the sort of errors a developer might make
B
Error guessing involves using your knowledge and experience of defects found in the past and typical errors made by developers
C
Error guessing involves using your personal experience of development and the errors you made as a developer
D
Error guessing requires you to imagine that you are the user of the test object and to guess errors the user could make interacting with it
Correct Answer:
B :
Error guessing involves using your knowledge and experience of defects found in the past and typical errors made by developers
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Q27:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
In your project there has been a delay in the release of a brand-new application and test execution started late, but you have very detailed domain knowledge and good analytical skills. The full list of requirements has not yet been shared with the team, but management is asking for some test results to be presented.
Which test technique fits BEST in this situation?
A
Exploratory testing
B
Branch testing
C
Error guessing
D
Checklist-based testing
Correct Answer:
A :
Exploratory testing
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Q28:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Which of the following BEST describes the way acceptance criteria can be documented?
A
Documenting risks related to a given user story in a test plan to facilitate the risk-based testing of a given user story
B
Performing retrospectives to determine the actual needs of the stakeholders regarding a given user story
C
Using the given/when/then format to describe an example test condition related to a given user story
D
Using verbal communication to reduce the risk of misunderstanding the acceptance criteria by others
Correct Answer:
C :
Using the given/when/then format to describe an example test condition related to a given user story
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Q29:
Chapter: 4 - Test Analysis and Design
Consider the following user story:
As an Editor I want to review content before it is published so that I can assure the grammar is correct and its acceptance criteria: * The user can log in to the content management system with "Editor" role * The editor can view existing content pages * The editor can edit the page content * The editor can add markup comments * The editor can save changes * The editor can reassign to the "content owner" role to make updates Which of the following is the BEST example of an ATDD test for this user story?
A
test if the editor can reassign to another editor to make updates
B
test if the editor can save the document after deleting the page content
C
test if the content owner can log in and make updates to the content
D
test if the editor can schedule the edited content for publication
Correct Answer:
B :
test if the editor can save the document after deleting the page content
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Q30:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
How do testers add value to iteration and release planning?
A
Testers guarantee the release of high-quality software through early test design during the release planning
B
Testers participate in the detailed risk identification and risk assessment of user stories
C
Testers determine the priority of the user stories to be developed
D
Testers focus only on the functional aspects of the system to be tested
Correct Answer:
B :
Testers participate in the detailed risk identification and risk assessment of user stories
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Q31:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
Which TWO of the following options are the exit criteria for testing a system?
A
Requirements are translated into given/when/then format
B
Test environment readiness
C
The ability to log in to the test object by the tester
D
Estimated defect density is reached
Correct Answer:
D :
Estimated defect density is reached
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Q32:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
Your team uses the three-point estimation technique to estimate the test effort for a new high-risk feature. The following estimates were made:
- Most optimistic estimation: 2 person-hours - Most likely estimation: 11 person-hours - Most pessimistic estimation: 14 person-hours What is the final estimate?
A
9 person-hours
B
11 person-hours
C
14 person-hours
D
10 person-hours
Correct Answer:
D :
10 person-hours
In the three-point estimation technique: |
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Q33:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
You are testing a mobile application that allows users to find a nearby restaurant based on the type of food they want to eat. Consider the following list of test cases, priorities (i.e., a smaller number means a higher priority), and dependencies (see table)
Which of the following test cases should be executed as the third one? 
A
TC 005
B
TC 002
C
TC 003
D
TC 001
Correct Answer:
C :
TC 003
Test TC 001 must come first, followed by TC 002, to satisfy dependencies. Afterwards, TC 003 to satisfy priority and then TC 004, followed by TC 005. |
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Q34:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
Consider the following test categories (1-4) and agile testing quadrants (A-D):
1. Usability testing 2. Component testing 3. Functional testing 4. Reliability testing A. Agile testing quadrant Q1: technology facing, supporting the development team B. Agile testing quadrant Q2: business facing, supporting the development team C. Agile testing quadrant Q3: business facing, critique the product D. Agile testing quadrant Q4: technology facing, critique the product How do the following test categories map onto the agile testing quadrants?
A
1D, 2B, 3C, 4A
B
1C, 2A, 3B, 4D
C
1D, 2A, 3C, 4B
D
1C, 2B, 3D, 4A
Correct Answer:
B :
1C, 2A, 3B, 4D
Considering: |
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Q35:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
During a risk analysis the following risk was identified and assessed:
* Risk: Response time is too long to generate a report * Risk likelihood: medium; risk impact: high * Response to risk: o an independent test team performs performance testing during system testing o a selected sample of end users performs alpha and beta acceptance testing before the release What measure is proposed to be taken in response to this analyzed risk?
A
Contingency plan
B
Risk mitigation
C
Risk acceptance
D
Risk transfer
Correct Answer:
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Q36:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
Which tool can be used by an agile team to show the amount of work that has been completed and the amount of total work remaining for a given iteration?
A
Acceptance criteria
B
Test completion report
C
Defect report
D
Burndown chart
Correct Answer:
D :
Burndown chart
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Q37:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
You need to update one of the automated test scripts to be in line with a new requirement. Which process indicates that you create a new version of the test script in the test repository?
A
Traceability management
B
Requirements engineering
C
Maintenance testing
D
Configuration management
Correct Answer:
D :
Configuration management
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Q38:
Chapter: 5 - Managing the Test Activities
You received the following defect report from the developers stating that the anomaly described in this test report is not reproducible.
"Application hangs up 2022-May-03 – John Doe – Rejected The application hangs up after entering “Test input: $ä” in the Name field on the new user creation screen. Tried to log off, log in with test_admin01 account, same issue. Tried with other test admin accounts, same issue. No error message received; log (see attached) contains fatal error notification. Based on the test case TC-1305, the application should accept the provided input and create the user. Please fix with high priority, this feature is related to REQ-0012, which is a critical new business requirement." What critical information is MISSING from this test report that would have been useful for the developers?
A
Priority and severity
B
References and defect status
C
Expected result and actual result
D
Test environment and test item
Correct Answer:
D :
Test environment and test item
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Q39:
Chapter: 6 - Test Tools
Which test activity does a data preparation tool support?
A
Test implementation and execution
B
Test monitoring and control
C
Test completion
D
Test analysis and design
Correct Answer:
A :
Test implementation and execution
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Q40:
Chapter: 6 - Test Tools
Which item correctly identifies a potential risk of performing test automation?
A
Testing tools and associated testware may not be sufficiently relied upon
B
It may reduce the time allocated for manual testing
C
Sufficient efforts to maintain testware may not be properly allocated
D
It may introduce unknown regressions in production
Correct Answer:
C :
Sufficient efforts to maintain testware may not be properly allocated
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